NHS North West Genomics
2.1.4 - ci-build United Kingdom flag

NHS North West Genomics - Local Development build (v2.1.4) built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) Build Tools. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: Observation

Official URL: https://fhir.nwgenomics.nhs.uk/StructureDefinition/Observation Version: 2.1.4
Draft as of 2026-07-24 Computable Name: Observation

Diagnostic - Core

Reference

Class Diagram

classDiagram


BaseObservation <|-- ObservationPanel : implements
BaseObservation <|-- LaboratoryAnalyte : implements
BaseObservation <|-- GenomicObservation : implements
ObservationPanel <|-- GenomicStudyPanel : implements

GenomicObservation <|-- GenomicFinding 
GenomicObservation <|-- GenomicImplication

GenomicFinding <|-- Variant :implements
GenomicFinding <|-- Haplotype :implements
GenomicFinding <|-- Genotype :implements

GenomicImplication <|-- DiagnosticImplication :implements
GenomicImplication <|-- TherapeuticImplication :implements
GenomicImplication <|-- GenomicAnnotation :implements
GenomicImplication <|-- MolecularConsequence :implements

GenomicStudyPanel *-- Observation : member

class ObservationPanel {
    code
    hasMember
}

class Observation {
    code
    value
    dataAbsentReason
}

class GenomicObservation {
    code
    value
    dataAbsentReason
    component
}


class LaboratoryAnalyte {
    code
    value
    dataAbsentReason
    component
}

Logical Models

Type Use value hasMember component
Observation Observations with code and values ✔ ❌  
Component Observation Laboratory Analyte Result Used for transmission of results from analysers to LIMS ✔ ❌ ✔
Genomic Observation Used for Genomic Results e.g. Variants and Diagnostic Implications   ❌ ✔
Observation Panel Used to group Laboratory Results (also known as battery results) e.g. Full Blood Count (FBC) and Ask At Order Questions. In HL7 v2 this is similar to the use of OBR segments ❌ ✔ ❌
Type Name
Observation Panel Genomic Study Panel
Genomic Finding Variant
  Haplotype
  Genotype
Genomic Implication DiagnosticImplication
  TherapeuticImplication

Usages:

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description Differentials, Snapshots, and other representations.

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-value-1
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
.... extension:bodyStructure 0..1 Reference(BodyStructure) R5: Observed body structure (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.bodyStructure
Constraints: ext-1
.... extension:triggeredBy 0..* (Complex) R5: Triggering observation(s) (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension 2..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:observation 1..1 Extension Extension
Constraints: ext-1
....... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "observation"
....... value[x] 1..1 Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Triggering observation
...... extension:type 1..1 Extension R5: reflex | repeat | re-run (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "type"
....... value[x] 1..1 code reflex | repeat | re-run
Binding: R5ObservationTriggeredbytypeForR4 (0.1.0) (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
...... extension:reason 0..1 Extension R5: Reason that the observation was triggered (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "reason"
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy"
.... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
..... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier SΣ 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... status ?!Σ 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
... subject Σ 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... reference SΣC 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... identifier Σ 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
... encounter SΣ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... identifier OΣ 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... effective[x] OΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
.... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
..... extension:performerFunction 0..1 CodeableConcept Type of performance
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/event-performerFunction
Binding: Performer Function Codes (extensible)
... Slices for value[x] ΣC 0..1 Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... valueQuantity Quantity
.... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
.... valueString string
.... valueBoolean boolean
.... valueInteger integer
.... valueRange Range
.... valueRatio Ratio
.... valueSampledData SampledData
.... valueTime time
.... valueDateTime dateTime
.... valuePeriod Period
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Actual result
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime SΣC 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString SΣC 0..1 string Actual result
... referenceRange SC 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for extension
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.extension:triggeredBy.​extension:type.value[x] Base required Cross-version ValueSet R5.TriggeredBytype for use in FHIR R4 📍0.1.0 Extensions for Using Data Elements from FHIR R5 in FHIR R4 v0.1
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:labCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:geCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error Observation.extension:bodyStructure, Observation.extension:triggeredBy, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:observation, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:type, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:reason, Observation.extension:value-r5, Observation.modifierExtension, Observation.performer.extension:performerFunction, Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.extension:uncertainty, Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-value-1 error Observation The elements Observation.extension:value-r5 and Observation.value[x] SHALL not be used simultaneously. value.empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value').empty()

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
... identifier S 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... status 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
..... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
..... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
... code 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
... subject 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... reference S 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... identifier 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
... encounter S 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... identifier O 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... effective[x] O 1..1 dateTime, Period Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... performer 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
... value[x] 0..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
... Slices for value[x] Content/Rules for all slices
.... value[x]:valueQuantity S 0..1 Quantity Actual result
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept S 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime S 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString S 0..1 string Actual result
... referenceRange S 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
... derivedFrom 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-value-1
... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1 code Language of the observation
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... extension:bodyStructure 0..1 Reference(BodyStructure) R5: Observed body structure (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.bodyStructure
Constraints: ext-1
.... extension:triggeredBy 0..* (Complex) R5: Triggering observation(s) (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy
Constraints: ext-1
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 2..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:observation 1..1 Extension Extension
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "observation"
....... value[x] 1..1 Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Triggering observation
...... extension:type 1..1 Extension R5: reflex | repeat | re-run (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "type"
....... value[x] 1..1 code reflex | repeat | re-run
Binding: R5ObservationTriggeredbytypeForR4 (0.1.0) (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
...... extension:reason 0..1 Extension R5: Reason that the observation was triggered (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "reason"
....... value[x] 0..1 string Reason that the observation was triggered
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy"
.... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
..... value[x] 0..1 Attachment Actual result
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier SΣ 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
... status ?!Σ 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
... subject Σ 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... reference SΣC 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier Σ 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Patient (EU core) | RelatedPerson | Group | Device | Location (EU core)) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter SΣ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... reference ΣC 0..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier OΣ 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... effective[x] OΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... extension:performerFunction 0..1 CodeableConcept Type of performance
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/event-performerFunction
Binding: Performer Function Codes (extensible)
.... reference ΣC 0..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier Σ 0..1 Identifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... Slices for value[x] ΣC 0..1 Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... valueQuantity Quantity
.... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
.... valueString string
.... valueBoolean boolean
.... valueInteger integer
.... valueRange Range
.... valueRatio Ratio
.... valueSampledData SampledData
.... valueTime time
.... valueDateTime dateTime
.... valuePeriod Period
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Actual result
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
..... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
..... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
..... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime SΣC 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString SΣC 0..1 string Actual result
... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for the observation
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange SC 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()
... component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
...... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
...... value[x] 0..1 Attachment Actual result
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
.... Slices for value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
..... value[x]:valueQuantity Σ 0..1 Quantity Actual component result
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
....... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
.... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
.... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
.... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for extension
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.extension:triggeredBy.​extension:type.value[x] Base required Cross-version ValueSet R5.TriggeredBytype for use in FHIR R4 📍0.1.0 Extensions for Using Data Elements from FHIR R5 in FHIR R4 v0.1
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:labCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:geCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.subject.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.encounter.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.performer.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-value-1 error Observation The elements Observation.extension:value-r5 and Observation.value[x] SHALL not be used simultaneously. value.empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value').empty()

Summary

Mandatory: 2 elements(2 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 8 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.category
  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.derivedFrom

Key Elements View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-value-1
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
.... extension:bodyStructure 0..1 Reference(BodyStructure) R5: Observed body structure (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.bodyStructure
Constraints: ext-1
.... extension:triggeredBy 0..* (Complex) R5: Triggering observation(s) (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension 2..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:observation 1..1 Extension Extension
Constraints: ext-1
....... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "observation"
....... value[x] 1..1 Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Triggering observation
...... extension:type 1..1 Extension R5: reflex | repeat | re-run (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "type"
....... value[x] 1..1 code reflex | repeat | re-run
Binding: R5ObservationTriggeredbytypeForR4 (0.1.0) (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
...... extension:reason 0..1 Extension R5: Reason that the observation was triggered (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "reason"
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy"
.... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
..... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier SΣ 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... status ?!Σ 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
... subject Σ 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... reference SΣC 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... identifier Σ 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
... encounter SΣ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... identifier OΣ 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... effective[x] OΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
.... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
..... extension:performerFunction 0..1 CodeableConcept Type of performance
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/event-performerFunction
Binding: Performer Function Codes (extensible)
... Slices for value[x] ΣC 0..1 Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... valueQuantity Quantity
.... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
.... valueString string
.... valueBoolean boolean
.... valueInteger integer
.... valueRange Range
.... valueRatio Ratio
.... valueSampledData SampledData
.... valueTime time
.... valueDateTime dateTime
.... valuePeriod Period
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Actual result
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime SΣC 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString SΣC 0..1 string Actual result
... referenceRange SC 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for extension
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.extension:triggeredBy.​extension:type.value[x] Base required Cross-version ValueSet R5.TriggeredBytype for use in FHIR R4 📍0.1.0 Extensions for Using Data Elements from FHIR R5 in FHIR R4 v0.1
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:labCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:geCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error Observation.extension:bodyStructure, Observation.extension:triggeredBy, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:observation, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:type, Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:reason, Observation.extension:value-r5, Observation.modifierExtension, Observation.performer.extension:performerFunction, Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.extension:uncertainty, Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-value-1 error Observation The elements Observation.extension:value-r5 and Observation.value[x] SHALL not be used simultaneously. value.empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value').empty()

Differential View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
... identifier S 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... status 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
..... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
..... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
... code 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
... subject 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... reference S 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... identifier 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
... encounter S 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... identifier O 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... effective[x] O 1..1 dateTime, Period Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
... performer 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
... value[x] 0..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
... Slices for value[x] Content/Rules for all slices
.... value[x]:valueQuantity S 0..1 Quantity Actual result
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept S 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime S 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString S 0..1 string Actual result
... referenceRange S 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
... derivedFrom 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format

Snapshot ViewView

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* MedicalTestResultEuCore Measurements and simple assertions
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-value-1
... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1 code Language of the observation
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... extension:bodyStructure 0..1 Reference(BodyStructure) R5: Observed body structure (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.bodyStructure
Constraints: ext-1
.... extension:triggeredBy 0..* (Complex) R5: Triggering observation(s) (new)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy
Constraints: ext-1
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 2..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:observation 1..1 Extension Extension
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "observation"
....... value[x] 1..1 Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Triggering observation
...... extension:type 1..1 Extension R5: reflex | repeat | re-run (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "type"
....... value[x] 1..1 code reflex | repeat | re-run
Binding: R5ObservationTriggeredbytypeForR4 (0.1.0) (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
...... extension:reason 0..1 Extension R5: Reason that the observation was triggered (new)
Constraints: ext-1
....... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
....... url 1..1 uri "reason"
....... value[x] 0..1 string Reason that the observation was triggered
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy"
.... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
..... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
..... value[x] 0..1 Attachment Actual result
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier SΣ 1..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
... status ?!Σ 1..1 code Observation Status (HL7 v2 OBX-11)
Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
... Slices for category 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:labCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: laboratory
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
.... category:geCategory 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system

Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0074
...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: GE
...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept The type of observation (code / type). (HL7 v2 OBX-3)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
... subject Σ 1..1 Reference(Patient) Who and/or what the observation is about
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... reference SΣC 1..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier Σ 0..1 NHSIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Patient (EU core) | RelatedPerson | Group | Device | Location (EU core)) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter SΣ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... reference ΣC 0..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier OΣ 0..1 CorrelationIdentifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
ObligationsActor
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHALL:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHALL:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... effective[x] OΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation (HL7 v2 OBX-14)
ObligationsActor
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Filler
SHOULD:populate-if-known Order Placer
SHOULD:populate-if-known Automation Manager
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(PractitionerRole) Who is responsible for the observation
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... extension:performerFunction 0..1 CodeableConcept Type of performance
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/event-performerFunction
Binding: Performer Function Codes (extensible)
.... reference ΣC 0..1 string Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
.... type Σ 0..1 uri Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
.... identifier Σ 0..1 Identifier Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
.... display Σ 0..1 string Text alternative for the resource
... Slices for value[x] ΣC 0..1 Actual result (HL7 v2 OBX-5)
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... valueQuantity Quantity
.... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
.... valueString string
.... valueBoolean boolean
.... valueInteger integer
.... valueRange Range
.... valueRatio Ratio
.... valueSampledData SampledData
.... valueTime time
.... valueDateTime dateTime
.... valuePeriod Period
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Actual result
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
...... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
..... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
..... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
..... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
.... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Actual result
.... value[x]:valueDateTime SΣC 0..1 dateTime Actual result
.... value[x]:valueString SΣC 0..1 string Actual result
... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for the observation
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange SC 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) | ImagingStudy) Related measurements the observation is made from
Slice: Unordered, Open by profile:resolve()
... component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... extension:value-r5 0..1 (Complex) only for Diagrams or Pictures
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
Constraints: ext-1
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..0 Extension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Constraints: ext-1
...... url 1..1 uri "http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"
...... value[x] 0..1 Attachment Actual result
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
Binding: Medical Test Result Code (example)
.... Slices for value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
..... value[x]:valueQuantity Σ 0..1 Quantity Actual component result
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... Slices for extension Content/Rules for all slices
....... extension:uncertainty 0..1 decimal Standard Deviation (same units as the quantity)
URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty
...... value Σ 0..1 decimal Numerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
...... unit Σ 0..1 string Unit representation
...... system ΣC 0..1 uri System that defines coded unit form
...... code Σ 0..1 code Coded form of the unit
.... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
.... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
.... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format
NameOrder FillerOrder PlacerAutomation Managerdoco
.. Observation
... Slices for extension
... Slices for category
... encounter
.... identifier
... effective[x]
... Slices for value[x]

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.extension:triggeredBy.​extension:type.value[x] Base required Cross-version ValueSet R5.TriggeredBytype for use in FHIR R4 📍0.1.0 Extensions for Using Data Elements from FHIR R5 in FHIR R4 v0.1
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:labCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:geCategory Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.subject.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.encounter.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.performer.​type Base extensible ResourceType 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base example Medical Test Result Code 📦2.0.0 HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-value-1 error Observation The elements Observation.extension:value-r5 and Observation.value[x] SHALL not be used simultaneously. value.empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value').empty()

Summary

Mandatory: 2 elements(2 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 8 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.category
  • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.derivedFrom

 

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron